Hand Scalers

Hand scaling is the most traditional method of removing plaque. Stainless-steel hand scalers are comprised of a handle and a tip. The tip is made up of a shank (upper and terminal) and a working end/blade. Most scalers now have tips at both ends of the handle.

Hand scalers with curved working ends are known as sickle scalers and are designed to be used on both anterior and posterior teeth. Scalers with no bend are known as straight scalers and are designed to be used on anterior teeth only.

Scaler tips come in several different designs for removing different levels of plaque. Thicker tips are more efficiency at removing heavier deposits while thinner tips are ideal for accessing difficult areas and tight tissues.

Most widely used hand scalers:

• H6/H7 Scaler - popular double-ended sickle scaler for use in the anterior, interproximal and premolar areas.
• 204 Scaler - sickle scaler for use in the posterior areas.
• M23 Scaler – universal scaler designed for interproximal access of anterior and posterior teeth.

Sonic Scalers

Sonic scalers are electric, low power devices used for removing plaque and cleaning root surfaces. For heavy plaque, ultrasonic scalers are more effective. Similar in size and design to a dental handpiece, sonic scalers traditionally sit in the dental unit and are connected to a standard handpiece connector. Sometimes referred to as air scalers or scaler handpieces, sonic scalers are powered by an air-driven turbine that causes the tip to vibrate. Vibration occurs at approximately 3,000 - 8,000 cycles per second.

What is the Best Dental Scaler?

Hand scalers, sonic scalers and ultrasonic scalers are all still commonly used in practice. Even hygienists who use electric scalers are likely to also have a hand scaler nearby as these can be just as effective at clearing plaque from easy to reach area of the mouth.

Dental hand scalers also require no plug in or hose connection making them a convenient option for removing minor plaque accumulation. Another advantage is the fact they don’t produce any aerosols. However, all this can come at a cost to the patient with hand scalers more likely to cause pain, discomfort and bleeding compared to electric scalers.

If the question was 'what the most effective dental scaler', the answer is undoubtedly ultrasonic scalers which is why most hygienist now use one. As well as being gentler on the gums and therefore easier for the patient to tolerate, ultrasonic scalers save time and remove hard plaque that neither hand scalers nor sonic scalers can.

The advantages that ultrasonic scalers provide over other scalers is reflected in price which needs to be factored in when purchasing. Ultimately, the decision comes down to budget and personal preference.